Chickadee Song Structure Is Individually Distinctive over Long Broadcastdistances
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چکیده
The two-note fee-bee song of male black-capped chickadees functions during the dawn chorus, in part, as a sexual signal across large distances. How song structuremight encode information about male quality, however, remains unclear. We studied the availability of cues to male social rank (a proxy indicator of male quality), within the acoustic structure of dawn chorus songs of male chickadees whose ock dominance status we determined the previous winter. We used analysis of variance and discriminant function analysis to demonstrate that ve temporal, frequencyor relative amplitude features of song can predict individual identity but not the category of social rank (dominant versus subordinate) to which individuals belong. After transmitting chickadee songs through the forest and re-recording them at four broadcast distances,we found that song structure continued to effectively predict singer identity by our statisticalmethods despite signi cant acoustic degradation for as long as songs remained audible (up to 80 m). In particular, the relative frequency interval between the two notes is both the most invariant between-malemeasure and among the most individually distinctive.
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تاریخ انتشار 2004